Who Won the Channel Prize? (June 2012)
André Ruinart, the head of the House of Ruinart which produced fine blanc de blanc champagne, was an enthusiast of the new sport of aviation. In 1909, he offered a prize of 12,500 gold francs (that would be about £8,000 in today’s money) for the first cross-Channel flight. Who won the prize and where would you find his memorial?
The immediate answer to the question would be Louis Bleriot and you can have a little glow of satisfaction if you placed his memorial as a small group of granite blocks, sunk into the turf just north of Dover castle.
But, of course, you’d be wrong on both counts.
Although the 12,500 francs Ruinart Prize was not his prime motivation Louis beat all rivals and flew his monoplane from Sangatte to Dover on the 25th July 1909. He applied for the prize, but he didn’t win it. The rules required him to register the date on which he planned to fly and this Louis had failed to do. He was consoled by receiving the £1000 put up by the Daily Mail and Ruinart’s 12,500 francs remained unclaimed.
It wasn’t until 21st May the following year that the paperwork was properly filled in and another Bleriot monoplane landed at Dover to claim the prize. It was flown, not by Louis, but by Count Jacques de Lesseps. (He also won the Daily Mail's £100 for being the second to fly the Channel).
De Lesseps – that name rings a bell. Yes, it was Ferdinand de Lesseps who formed the company which built the Suez Canal. After this triumph he had a less successful go at building the Panama Canal before being beaten back by tropical diseases. De Lesseps married twice and had a total of 17 children! Jacques, the penultimate of the brood, was born in 1883 when his father was 78.
The immediate answer to the question would be Louis Bleriot and you can have a little glow of satisfaction if you placed his memorial as a small group of granite blocks, sunk into the turf just north of Dover castle.
But, of course, you’d be wrong on both counts.
Although the 12,500 francs Ruinart Prize was not his prime motivation Louis beat all rivals and flew his monoplane from Sangatte to Dover on the 25th July 1909. He applied for the prize, but he didn’t win it. The rules required him to register the date on which he planned to fly and this Louis had failed to do. He was consoled by receiving the £1000 put up by the Daily Mail and Ruinart’s 12,500 francs remained unclaimed.
It wasn’t until 21st May the following year that the paperwork was properly filled in and another Bleriot monoplane landed at Dover to claim the prize. It was flown, not by Louis, but by Count Jacques de Lesseps. (He also won the Daily Mail's £100 for being the second to fly the Channel).
De Lesseps – that name rings a bell. Yes, it was Ferdinand de Lesseps who formed the company which built the Suez Canal. After this triumph he had a less successful go at building the Panama Canal before being beaten back by tropical diseases. De Lesseps married twice and had a total of 17 children! Jacques, the penultimate of the brood, was born in 1883 when his father was 78.
He became keenly interested in aviation and joined Louis Bleriot’s flying school where he earned licence No 26 in 1910. His own Channel flight, carefully planned and registered, soon followed. Although there had been a thunderstorm in the morning, by 3 pm the weather had improved sufficiently for the eager de Lesseps. Others said the wind and poor visibility were too dangerous for flying but Jacques took off nevertheless and looked for his escorting destroyer. Climbing to 2,700 feet – his motor was ‘working beautifully’- he soon left his escort behind. Then he ran into mid-Channel fog and the sea disappeared from view. After several anxious minutes land appeared and he saw Dover and prepared to descend from 2000 ft. At that point his engine stopped – his main fuel tank was empty. He switched to the reserve tank but the engine didn’t respond and he prepared for a landing without power assistance. On the way, he saw below him the concrete monument marking Louis Bleriot’s landing place.
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He overshot his chosen landing spot and the next convenient area was a farmer’s field. He was given a mixed welcome, greeted first by two ladies ‘with true British hospitality’. However, the farmer reckoned he had caused damage worth £4 to the crop – which Jacques promptly paid. He had been expected and a crowd soon collected. They found him changed into a dark frock coat and trousers and white muffler. C S Rolls also turned up. He was nearby, preparing for his own cross-Channel flight – a non-stop double crossing which he did two weeks later. De Lesseps became an instant star. He earned the Ruinart Prize of course, plus £100 from the Daily Mail and invitations flooded in for him to appear at air shows in Europe and North America.
Jacques became the first pilot to fly round the Statue of Liberty, probably fitting since it was his father who had presented the statue to the USA in 1884 when Jacques was just a year old. Whilst in Canada he broke away from the planned demonstration flights around an aerodrome and made an unscheduled 49 minute flight over downtown Montreal, which caused a sensation. Flags were waved and there were cries of ‘Vive le Comte’. Subsequently, he was elected as an honorary member of the Mohawk tribe.
A couple of weeks later, he met Sir William Mackenzie, President of the Canadian Northern Railway. He made a big impression on Sir William’s three daughters and Grace became the first Canadian woman to fly as a passenger in an aeroplane. The following year, 1911, Grace and Jacques were married.
When WWI broke out de Lesseps immediately joined the French military and rose to command a bomber squadron winning the Croix de Guerre and the Légion d’Honneur plus a Distinguished Service Medal from the US.
A couple of weeks later, he met Sir William Mackenzie, President of the Canadian Northern Railway. He made a big impression on Sir William’s three daughters and Grace became the first Canadian woman to fly as a passenger in an aeroplane. The following year, 1911, Grace and Jacques were married.
When WWI broke out de Lesseps immediately joined the French military and rose to command a bomber squadron winning the Croix de Guerre and the Légion d’Honneur plus a Distinguished Service Medal from the US.
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Following the war he joined a company specialising in aerial photography. In 1926 they won a contract to survey the Gaspé peninsula in Canada. It was politically convenient to form a Canadian company and de Lesseps became the Directeur d'Exploitation and chief pilot of La Compagnie Aérienne Franco-Canadienne.
The Gaspé is a large area of 80,000 sq. kms in eastern Quebec at the mouth of the St Lawrence, which had never before been seen from the air. De Lesseps used a small flying boat, a Schreck FBA-21, a French design that was also built under licence in the USA. His photographs were a revelation. In two years, he produced over 1100 high-quality images which were widely circulated and even printed on postcards for general sale. |
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In October 1927 he and his mechanic, Theodor Chichenko, took off on another survey flight in threatening weather. They disappeared. The wreck of their aeroplane was found in a few days but it wasn’t until December that de Lesseps’ body was washed up on the coast of Newfoundland. In accordance with his wishes, he was buried in the town of Gaspé.
Canada was deeply shocked at his death – he was almost an adopted son of the French-speaking provinces. In 1932 they duly honoured him with a monument which stands in Gaspé.
His memory hasn’t faded with time. In 2001, he was inducted into the Québec Air and Space Hall of Fame.
Canada was deeply shocked at his death – he was almost an adopted son of the French-speaking provinces. In 1932 they duly honoured him with a monument which stands in Gaspé.
His memory hasn’t faded with time. In 2001, he was inducted into the Québec Air and Space Hall of Fame.
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